To What Extent Was Nationalism the Main Cause of British Decolonisation

To what extent was nationalism the main cause of British decolonisation Decolonisation is the process by which empires disintegrated and colonies achieved in dependence. Britain decolonised between the years 1947 and 1964, nationalist movements was considered the main reason for decolonisation of the British Empire, but where other factors just as significant? Britain had flourished during the war with a victory however; this left them with severe financial and economical set-backs.The Second World War weakened the British economy this in turn reduced their imperial power to maintain control of their colonies, Britain often used emergencies; which allowed them to buy time from nationalists which would weaken their interest. They needed to ‘cling’ to their empire, as it was the only source of support for their economy, they were able to sell cheap goods for more and paying their workers a low wage added to their economy. Although some would argue that due to the low wage paid to the workers this caused them to not be able to buy thing as they were too expensive.Britain was shadowed by the United States and the Soviet Union, Britain’s status was way down the hierarchy, these two superpowers created an international climate which the reservation of the empire was rapidly difficult. However, the empire provided resistance from the US and USSR. Britain was also increasing the spending on nuclear weapons, rather than on weapons and soldiers in the cold war therefore, Britain couldn’t police the war. They needed army defence clearly nuclear dependence wasn’t needed.During the war time Japanese, Burma etc were revealing the weakness of the British imperial power, this gave hope to other territories starting with India. The nationalist’s movement was led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian nationalist’s congress to free India, India eventually through a lot of hardship gained independence this surely accounted as significant, it shows Britain’s weakness. This inspired other colonies to be freed and use Gandhi’s non-violent tactics, also made Britain powerless, no longer influential and loses their main sour of resources for trade etc.Due to the increased contact with African soldiers’ during the war, the Indians spread the word and soon African colonies wanted freedom, a self government and independence. Increasing colonial development which created an African middle class this helped with the nationalising of African colonies, as they had more knowledge, educated and now understand that they deserve freedom. By 1945 there was an increase in nationalist groups within Africa.Britain had loss India therefore they needed a much more productive Africa, Britain modernised them, they spent up to 120 million pounds, the money was mainly spent on a groundnuts investment in Tanzania the investment which failed caused a huge turnover in debt for Britain. Also creating the sterling area coloni es had to use pounds an attempt to make Britain much more economically productive, to improve their way of living this however, back-fired instead it encouraged nationalism activists to start really fighting for what they wanted as they thought if we have been educated we might as well use this to run our county on our own.Some people would argue that the Asian and African nationalist movements were chances for Britain to show that they really are powerful and can control these movements, also it made Britain more determined to keep their empire intact even if this meant violence. For example in India there were peaceful movement used although turned into violence as Britain wasn’t planning to lose, the famous day of the Amritsar Massacre, when people were protesting and were brutally shot down etc. Eventually Britain lost India and they gained their independence. On the other hand, Britain also failed to keep control in Palestine.Palestine gained independence in 1948 and bec ame known as Israel. However, it doesn’t end there, the Arabs and Jews conflict was increasing rapidly; the UK couldn’t keep control mainly because they didn’t have enough financial support needed to police the country, so they decided to leave and the conflict increased. Some people would argue this made Britain seem like cowards as they couldn’t finish what they’ve started. There were clear consequences outstanding to this slip-up, it made Britain appear weak and this inspired other colonies to protest.In 1956 the Suez crisis was a strong turning point for the world as it revealed Britain’s limitation from the beginning showing they couldn’t go any further both military and financially wise. This was obviously very humiliating for Britain, and Eden the prime minister at the time who decided this unintelligent action resigned soon after: under embarrassment, illegal invasion, rejection from the USA, the Frances trust in Britain vanis hed. The USA and USSR became the most dominant powers and left Britain behind.Britain lost whatever influence it had left on the Middle East, and some of Europe. Britain’s relationship with the USA was seriously damaged this caused a run on the pound the value of the dollar increased, also Britain lost its sovereignty as it was under the control of the Usa in terms of nuclear power as they had dual key which Britain needs the USA to do anything with it. Egypt was the first non- white country to challenge Britain and defeat them this, this dilemma caused far worst issues. Britain lost it influence nearly worldwide, as the world lost trust in them.That setback caused them to lose colonies because of nationalist movements such as the Gold coast in 1957, Nigeria in1961, Malaysia in 1962 etc. Britain needed to have European power but France no longer trusted in Britain. Britain’s problems at home weren’t any better; Eden just resigned after embarrassing the country. The public’s attitude at the time was that they were apathetic, they wanted and needed their own welfare: post-war recovery. Due to the increase in immigration the racism from the British increased too, for example a well known race riot in Notting hill.However Mc Milan becomes prime minister, he accepts the need of decolonisation and believes ‘the day of the empire is gone, modern days are arising’, the fact that most empires were decolonising such as France, Belgium, Portugal took the longest but eventually let go, this shows that there was no real benefit in keeping a colony. Mc Milan changes the foreign policy and restores the relationship with the USA as they agree with being anti-colonial anyway. He decides to focus on Europe were their chances of success was much greater.However, British conservative white settlers were reluctant to let go and believed that independence given to colonies were rushed without preparation. Mc Milan government concluded that t hey would leave as soon as possible. In conclusion, although nationalism appears to be the main cause of decolonisation, other factors were just as significant and more such as, post war financial issues, the Suez crisis Eden’s failure, etc. It looks to me that success usually comes through money and if the UK had financial support then they would still have their empire or have a huge status in the world.

Causes of Suicide Among College Students

Suicide means an individual intentionally to adopt various means to end his life. It has been the second leading cause of death among college students (Caruso, n. d. ). The problem is getting serious in developing country such as Hong Kong and the ways to suicide had transformed to a mass suicide attempt on December 21, 2009 (Mak, 2011). These rising issues are telling us that suicide had becoming one of the most crucial matter that need to be resolve before it affect our future leader. So, we will review based on the past research for the alcohol and family relationship factors that contribute to suicide among college students. One of the factors that contribute to suicide among college student is alcohol consuming. Several past researches have been found to support this factor. An early study by Lamis, Ellis, Chumney and Dula (2009) claimed that many college students are experiencing heavy alcohol consumption and alcohol use are correlated with suicidal behaviour. This study is to check different levels of risk for alcohol-related problems and their relation to reasons for living among college students (Lamis et al. , 2009). 287 participants were recruited and divided into three alcohol groups, that are low-risk, moderate-risk and high-risk group (Lamis et al. , 2009). The hypothesis was made that participants in the high-risk group will report fewest reasons for living (Lamis et al. , 2009). RFL self-report measure was used to check how important a reason would be for living on participants. Besides that, AUDIT test also used to identify individuals whose experiencing alcohol-related problems (Lamis et al. , 2009). As the result, the high-risk group had fewer moral objections to dying by suicide compared to the low-risk group (Lamis et al. , 2009). From the experiment, we can see that obsessive alcohol use may lower student moral objections to suicide (Lamis et al. , 2009). Another experiment conducted by Lamis, Malone, Langhinrichsen-Rohling and Ellis (2009) stated that alcohol consuming will increase the risk for engaging in suicidal behaviours. This factor is strengthen when Powell and colleagues (2001), as cited in Lamis et al. 2009) found out that high alcohol drinking quantity will creates a greater likelihood of a serious suicide attempt. 318 participants were recruited and few measuring scale was used to predict the result for this experiment. The result tells that depression is predictor of alcohol use in young adults. Besides that, alcohol use are negatively correlated with body protection and the results suggests that individuals who are potentially involve in high-risk behaviours, such as suicide are usually from the one who have less tendency to protect themselves (Lamis et al. , 2010). Reference http://www.suicide.org/college-student-suicide.html

Analayze Excel Spreadsheet on Italian Goverment Term Paper

Analayze Excel Spreadsheet on Italian Goverment - Term Paper Example Increased production of goods and services in an economy does benefit the standards of living and wellbeing of the citizens in some ways but not always. This is because GDP does not give a clear answer of essential questions such as whether the people are consumption much on the wrong things, or whether people have better quality consumption or whether the savings are too little (Miles and Andrew,56). Additionally, the GDP does not measure elements of wellbeing that are not related to government consumption and financial income: longevity, leisure time, social equality, capabilities, quality of education and many others. This paper tries to analyze the correlation relationship that exists between GDP and government consumption, and between GDP and government bond yield. The GDP and government consumption relationship appears to be in the sense that even though Gross Domestic Product is calculated using numerous measures, government consumption on its part is the single most vital com ponent. In most countries the government consumption exceeds 50% of the GDP while in some this could go beyond 70%. In Italy for instance, government consumption is considered to be the main statistic on which it relies while calculating the GDP. Several studies reveal that the most important relationship between GDP and government consumption is that an increase in the level of consumption results to an increase in the level of the GDP (Miles and Scott, 13). Government consumption is a broad Macroeconomic element hence it is necessary to divide into several components in order to get the real picture of its correlation relationship with the GDP. The consumption of durable goods refers to nonperishable goods and goods that last for a period of more than three years, while on the other hand nondurable goods are the goods consumed for perishable goods or other goods that generally last for less than one year. A country’s treasure is the most impacted area within the economy whe n taking about the bond market (Schaefer, 65). Most economists argue that the most appropriate way in trying to understand the relationship between the bonds and the economy is to think about interest rates as being the cost of money (Taylor, 21). A stronger economy is characterized by high demand of money because greater activity means that there is more of need for cash that can help in financing projects. Theoretically, stronger economic growth makes inflation likely. The Italy Federal reserve is more likely to fight inflation through boosting the interest rates (Miles and Andrew, 77). A projected increase in the interest rates could mean long-term rates could be expected to follow and the vice versa (Schaefer, 112). While all section within the bond market takes their cue for treasure in an ultimate way, government bonds are seen as being the safest investment globally. The long term relationship between bond yields and macroeconomic fundamentals can break down in the short run, particularly during financial stress periods. For instance, after the 2007-08 global crises and despite the pilling up of general government debt in the USA, the United States bonds yields have been trending downwards (Schaefer, 90). On the other hand, borrowing costs in some European countries such as Spain, despite a relatively lower initial level of general debt, have continuously exceeded those of more highly indebted nations such as the UK

Individual critical review report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Individual critical review report - Essay Example Secondly, change must not be ambiguous to the employees within the organization. For that reason, the change agents should communicate the intended change and give such people time to think it over. If change is to be adopted and effectively impact on the organization, all the affected parties must be given an opportunity to decision making. Change is a continuous process that an organization seeks to undertake. It is determined by the demands within the environment. For instance, the current economic depression has made several organizations focus on reduction of cost of operation. To achieve this, the management teams in these organizations are carrying out retrenchments. On the other hand, an organization may require all the employees to have technological skills. This is especially to enable them handle the technological advancement within the organization. Recent change currently experienced In the recent past, I have been able to appreciate the need for change within an organiz ation. In the past few months, I had volunteered myself to work in a given nongovernmental organization. It deals with the services to the community including and not limited to the response and mitigation of drug use amongst the young. As one of the volunteers, my main work was to collect and file data for future reference. However, most of the work within the organization was done manually and every individual seemed comfortable about that. With the dream of expanding the organization and ensuring efficiency, the management announced that it was going to avail new technology in the organization. All the employees were therefore expected to be ready for the new organization culture. One amazing thing is that the news was received with mixed reactions by most of the employees. There are those who felt as if the new technology was going to take away their jobs. Others like me focused on the positive aspect of the new development. I knew that with the new technological advancement, th e quality of work will improve and documents will be much safer. The main aim of the proposed change apart from efficiency was to cut down the cost of operation. The organization was experiencing an inflated cost of operation owing to the increased cost of purchasing materials. Papers and books were mostly used for keeping data. There was need for downsizing to enable the organization run effectively and sustainably. It is this thought that created tension amongst the employees. The employer had to release some of them to remain with a more manageable number of employees. However bad it sounds, it is part of organization change and therefore must be carried out. The main purpose should be to ensure that organization could sustain itself. Theories employed There are various theories of change that can be used in explaining the alterations witnessed in many organizations. However, for the purpose of the organization I was working at, two main theories of change were in use. These incl uded Lewin’s 3 state model theory of change and 8-step change model. In the first category, Lewin states that change goes through three main stages. These include the unfreezing, change and the refreezing stages (Burnes 2004, p.89). This represents exactly what was happening in the organization where I was working. The first state according to this theory is to alter the culture that people have been used at. This is the

Week 5 dq Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 5 dq - Assignment Example   policy  management  direct  system  and the significant roles of  rational  capital  or knowledge of  administration  in organizational  commerce  process  are some of the measures used in strategic control  process.  Balanced scorecard  is used  to align company behaviors to the vision and  policy  of the company, improve internal and  peripheral  communications, and  examine  organization  activities against planned targets (Nooreklit, 2000). The change of  policy  into its  application  is beginning by comprehending the obstacles or difficulties in the process of policy execution. This  context  illustrates how  strategy  formulation is  vital  in every company. Strategic management deals with the  essential  planned  direction  of the  business  in terms of its  association  with its environment. It  is centered  on the company as a whole and could  stress  the  lasting  procedures like the return on savings and alterations in shareholder significance. Policy  control  metrics may be classified as regarding either  peripheral  value or  internal  competence. Flexibility overlies these classifications. It links to  effectiveness  and  competence  (Nooreklit, 2000). Hence, a company must be peripherally flexible in reacting to altering  consumer  needs and internally supple in reordering its organizational arrangements and retraining workers. Internal  competence  measures include cycle time, production and waste. Policy controls may be used as a method of explaining what excellent performance is, making  clear  the trade-offs connecting profit and savings and introducing  persona l  stretch goals. The reason why measures used in planned controlled control  procedure  is  necessary  is because it gives the company a sense of direction. Although objectives, functional tactics, and action  item  are included  in  several  implementation plans, a number of organizations have a  difficult  time reflecting the plans they  create. This is because some organizations

Online Retailers Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Online Retailers - Article Example Social media is contributing to this change, with its tremendous reach and consumer-centric features. Although the scenario of the interactive marketplace can be analyzed from a marketing communications standpoint, it is important to zoom out our view and regard its impact on the business as a whole. Thus, it is the goal of this paper to shed light on how the convergence of media in the Internet phenomenon impacts on: firstly, the consumers’ purchase behavior; and secondly, the business operations in its entirety; As pointed out earlier, the Internet has empowered the consumers in making wise purchase decisions. Firstly, with the emergence of third party sites that conduct comparisons on the attributes of products under the same category, the consumers are able to gain pertinent product information from an objective standpoint. Indeed, the availability of massive information in the Internet has created a more active and discerning set of consumers. This observation is also pointed out by Chinta (2006) as he highlighted the continual growth of technology-savvy, convenience-seeking, and quality driven consumers. Secondly, with the advent of free product information, consumers are able to create their own content sites specifically catered to the buying audience. Powered by the various websites like Facebook and Twitter, consumers can now create their own product review based on their usage experience. With this, it can be claimed that both phenomena continue to contribute in the shift of the co nsumers’ role—from merely passive audiences of company-fed product information to active shapers of product perception and image. The Internet has also created effects on the business model of companies. With the presence of various brand contact points, companies now recognize the need to synergize all its business operations to create a unique and more favorable customer experience. Firstly, from

Financial crisis 2008 for corporate governance & ethics course Case Study

Financial crisis 2008 for corporate governance & ethics course - Case Study Example Moral hazard occurs when a party to a contract understanding that the consequences of their actions will be borne by a different party puts themselves under more risks. This paper aims at analyzing the characteristics that make the 2008 financial crisis an ethics and specifically moral hazard situation and the measures taken for effectively eradicating the recession. Reasons for the 2008 financial crisis include massive nationwide residential housing bubble, financial sector overleveraging, unregulated subprime lending growth at a large rate, and lack of transparency in new, complex, and more popular mortgage based funds. The other reasons for the global financial crisis in 2008 was resultant inability to measure risk, screening of borrowers and bank lending of precarious loans and lack of concern on ability to pay with main aim being origination of loans (Dowd, 143). These factors that resulted in the financial crisis shows the blatant disregard by the financial institutions of the needs of the stakeholders through taking on precarious loans depicting an example of the lack of ethics or moral hazard situation. Securitization and subprime mortgage origination rose until 2006 when household debt was 100% of US GDP, causing rising interest rates making refinancing difficult and drop of housing prices and 1.3 million housing projects were on forecl osure in 2007, the crash had began. The proceeding days would be so tough for banks and other financial institutions owing to bank runs and collapse including certain governments that depended so much on foreign market loans. The crisis could have been prevented through a reduction in the bailouts or the expectation of bailouts by firms since set precedence for firms to invest in risky activities. This is because when these activities are successful; the investors benefit, but in case of failure, there are bailout by the government. Having a law holding each person responsible for the risky actions that led to the

Modernism Visual Comical Strips Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Modernism Visual Comical Strips - Research Paper Example The essay "Modernism Visual Comical Strips" discovers modernism and visual comical strips. The modernism arts focused on freedom and individuality as evidence from Pablo Picasso’s art works. Modernism art, therefore, saw the emergence of some new media especially photography thus it emerged during the eras of history of photography and this explains why history records the photographers of 19th century. Modernism also marked the beginning of the new art forms like animation, assemblage, cinematography and even the avant-garde art, including the earliest conceptual art forms and the same style was used on comic strips as the same themes are portrayed in the modernism cartoons and other visual comedy. Style and setting of modernism comical strips used backgrounds that showed how the society evolved to become civilized. In most modernism comedies, the artists used black and white backgrounds to show an evolving society unlike the postmodernist artists that have used technology to affect the backgrounds to the desired colors. On the other hand, most of the modernism comedies centered on war and how servants served their masters. Moreover, modernism visual comedy shows the activities of social organization, architecture, and economic situations in the modernist era that become outdated as industrial revolution took over the world. Post modernism art came about after the emergence of modernism arts and as such, contradicted the aspects of the modernism art. Post modernism in visual art includes general aspects.

Of Mice and Men - John Steinbeck Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck Essay In Chapter 4 of Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck portrays Crooks, Lennie, Candy, and Curleys wife as outcasts who although are lonely and seek each others companionship, ostracize each other nevertheless. Each of said characters seek companionship, are outcasts, and as a result abase one another. Crooks, Candy, Curleys wife, and Lennie are lonely and therefore seek companionship. Crooks is a very lonely character, and may in fact be the most diverse due to both his handicap and race. When he gets company, he tries to conceal his pleasure with anger; he does not welcome others into his abode because they discriminate against him (his impediment is therefore seen as a spiteful retaliation), but at the same time he is delighted to have company. When Crooks sees Lennie standing at the doorway smiling at him, Crooks gives in and allows him to stay, telling him you can come if ya want. Lennie is also lonely, for he is drawn to Crooks stable when he sees the light on; when he approached Crooks, he smiled helplessly in an attempt to make friends. Candy later comes in to the stable, as Crooks allows him to come in; he is modest about Crookss welcome, saying of course if you want me to. Candy is a passive man virtually unable to take any independent action and his one major act in the book, offering Lennie and George money in order to go in on a piece of land together, is a means by which he can become dependent on them; this is a result of his impeding loneliness. Lastly, Curleys wife enters the stable. Her presence is almost nomadic; she wonders around the whole ranch, seeking company and then parting. Generally considered to be a tramp by the men at the ranch, Curleys Wife is the only major character in Of Mice and Men whom Steinbeck does not give a name. She dislikes her husband and feels desperately lonely at the ranch, for she is the only woman and feels isolated from the other men, who openly scorn her. She still holds some small hope of a better life, claiming that she had the chance to become a movie star in Hollywood, but otherwise is a bitter and scornful woman who shamelessly uses sex to intimidate the workers. When she enters the stable, she pretends as if she is looking for Curley, but she really just wants company. Each of the aforementioned characters seek each others companionship and company to keep from getting lonely. Crooks, Candy, Curleys wife, and Lennie are also scrutinized as outcasts in the society in which they live, due to their defects Crooks being a black cripple, Candy an old handicapped man, Curleys wife being female, and Lennie whom is afflicted with mental retardation. Their reclusive stature is justified in the names in which they call themselves; Crooks calls himself black and a busted back nigger. Candy is called a busted sheep, Lennie a dum dum, and Curleys wife a tart. Furthermore, Steinbeck does not give Curleys wife a name; this illustrates that women in the concurrent era were looked down upon. Crooks, Curleys wife, Candy, and Lennie are further exemplified as outcasts by the fact that Slim, George, and Whit left them behind. Crooks, Candy, Curleys wife, and Lennie are exiled from society and left to be alone. With the pain, loneliness, and fear which they feel, Crooks, Candy, Curleys wife, and Lennie degrade each other. They call each other names, and Curleys wife adds to these statements by saying they [George, Slim, and Whit] left the weak ones behind. Candy calls her a bitch and reminds her that they at least have friends. Candy and Crooks even indicate that they want her to leave, that they have had enough. Crooks, Lennie, Candy, and Curleys wife are portrayed as outcasts who although are lonely and seek each others companionship, they ostracize each other nevertheless because of the over bearing society in which they live. They demean and mortify one another to make themselves feel better to attain a private victory that the other is more of an outcast than the former. They would rather have bitter company as to no company.

The day I lost my dad

The day I lost my dad The day I lost my dad As my eyes glanced around the room all I could see was my family acting all normal. I felt sick to my stomach with what happened. It felt as if someone had got a knife and poked it in me, and left me to die. My sisters were playing with their dollies. My mum was in the kitchen cooking dinner like usual. Acting as if nothing had happened. It was just a normal boxing day as far as they were concerned. No one has mentioned the incident; It does not look like anyone will. Until we heard this bang at the door â€Å"bang, bang, bang†. We did not know what to do. Me and my sisters just looked at each other. We were all very scared. Until my mum come zooming out of the kitchen. I could tell she was worried to see who was at the door. So she slowly opened the door. It was a very croaky door. Then all of a sudden I could hear my cousins shouting â€Å"Open up Open up it is freezing outside† We all had a sence of relief. All of a sudden we could hear this thunder and this lightning. It just started pouring with rain it was terrifying. Every five minutes we could hear a loud bang and we all jumped out of our seats. My whole family had come now. Every year they come round but after what happened last night my mum told them not to come round. They still did though I just wanted to stop getting the thoughts out of my head about what had happened it was terrifying. I am scared for my little sisters they havent mentioned it. As for my mum I dont see my self ever forgiving her for what she did. It was disgusting I cant stop thinking about all of that blood that was their. While I was in all these thoughts Just thinking about the incident last night. My mum just shouted at me to set the table up. She always calls me, no one else I think she hated me now my dad has gone I have no one to love me. I am so sad it is like a baby who has lost their bottle or their dummy and they just curl up and cry. That is what I want to do, but I have to just forget and grow up. I am eleven years old I need to be strong for my little sisters. I set the table up all by myself no one was helping me. Everyone come to the table we had dinner. It was really strange because not one person asked about him which was really shocking. I know the stories of before my mum got married to my dad. My family never accepted him maybe they know what happened. Maybe they are happy what my mum did last night, how sick is that? All of a sudden while everyone was round the table having dinner. Their was a ring it was the phone but it just rang once. I went to get up to find out who it was but my mum just shouted at me to leave it. My mum has not been the same with me and I dont think she ever will be. Then suddenly their was a knock on the door it. Then all of a sudden I had a really bad gut feeling about the person that was at the door. I was scared; My mum answered the door this time. It was the police they came to inform everyone that my dad got murdered last night. They found his body in the river. They said some one tied him up and put selotape on his lips. They said they cant tell us anything else until they do a post mortem. They said they have got officers asking questions aroud the neighbourhood. Their was an old lady that lives round here that said it looked like you were carrying a body out of your house early hours of the morning. They asked my mum to go down to the police station with them. I felt sick to my stomach, my mum admitted what she did. She had no reason for killing my dad last night. She got life imprisonment. Mine and my sisters lives will never be the same again. I still feel sick as we witnessed everything that had happened. I lost my dad on Christmas day because my mum was selfish I will not ever understand why she did it. Losing my dad felt like apart of me died that day too!

Full Body Scanners Do Not Lead to Safer Travel Essays -- Airport Secur

Why should anyone including my 3-year-old daughter unnecessarily be exposed to cancer causing X-ray beams in a full body scanner? Or have a total stranger run his or her hands up and down my daughter's body for a full pat-down upon refusing the scan? Most enraging is that the scan can be done without my knowledge. Full body scanners should not be used in United States airports. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA), on November 20, 2010 implemented the use of 385 scanners, otherwise know as advanced imaging technology in 68 airports to include Denver International Airport. The TSA is using these machines supposedly to ensure safer travel and be steps ahead of security threats. According to the TSA, as a preventive measure, scanners where rapidly deployed after Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab's failed attempt at blowing up an aircraft with pentaerythritol tetranitrate, or PETN sewn in his underwear December 25, 2009. Former Homeland Security chief Michael Chertoff claimed that if Abdulmutallab had gone through screening or a full pat-down, the explosives would have been discovered (Eggen, DeYoung and Hsu 2). The TSA also claims that not all explosives or explosive devices can be detected through metal detectors. The scanner machines cannot detect explosives such as the type that Abdulmutallab had concealed. Abdullah Ansieri had a detonator and explosives hidden in his rectum when he tried to kill Saudi Arabia's counter-terrorism chief, Prince Mohammed bin Nayef. Ansieri was Saudi's most wanted man and managed to get through two rigorous airport screenings and Saudi Secret Service, who defend royals by any means necessary. Professor Clive Williams a counter-terrorism expert of the Australian National University said the mac... ...he-real-radiation-risk-of-the-tsas-full-body-x-ray-scans/> 5. Bell, Jason. â€Å"Review of the TSA X-ray backscatter body scanner safety report: hide your kids, hide your wife.† My Helical Tryst, blogspot.com, 22 Nov 2010. Web. 1 Dec 2010. 6. â€Å"You asked for it...You got it, Millimeter Wave images.† blog.tsa.gov. TSA 09 May 2008. Web. 1 Dec 2010. . 7. "Are Full Body Scan Images Saved? Issue Challenged In Federal Court...† wgrz, Buffalo, 06 Aug 2010. Web. 1 Dec 2010. . 8. Meserve, Jeanne, and Mike M. Ahlers. â€Å"Body scanners can store, send images, group says.† CNN 11 Jan 2010: 1. Web. ! Dec 2010.

Nazism :: World War II History

Nazism The National Socialist German Workers' Party almost died one morning in 1919. It numbered only a few dozen grumblers' it had no organization and no political ideas. But many among the middle class admired the Nazis' muscular opposition to the Social Democrats. And the Nazis themes of patriotism and militarism drew highly emotional responses from people who could not forget Germany's prewar imperial grandeur. In the national elections of September 1930, the Nazis garnered nearly 6.5 million votes and became second only to the Social Democrats as the most popular party in Germany. In Northeim, where in 1928 Nazi candidates had received 123 votes, they now polled 1,742, a respectable 28 percent of the total. The nationwide success drew even faster... in just three years, party membership would rise from about 100,000 to almost a million, and the number of local branches would increase tenfold. The new members included working-class people, farmers, and middle-class professionals. They were both better educated and younger then the Old Fighters, who had been the backbone of the party during its first decade. The Nazis now presented themselves as the party of the young, the strong, and the pure, in opposition to an establishment populated by the elderly, the weak, and the dissolute. Hitler was born in a small town in Austria in 1889. As a young boy, he showed little ambition. After dropping out of high school, he moved to Vienna to study art, but he was denied the chance to join Vienna academy of fine arts. When WWI broke out, Hitler joined Kaiser Wilhelmer's army as a Corporal. He was not a person of great importance. He was a creature of a Germany created by WWI, and his behavior was shaped by that war and its consequences. He had emerged from Austria with many prejudices, including a powerful prejudice against Jews. Again, he was a product of his times... for many Austrians and Germans were prejudiced against the Jews. In Hitler's case the prejudice had become maniacal it was a dominant force in his private and political personalities. Anti-Semitism was not a policy for Adolf Hitler-it was religion. And in the Germany of the 1920s, stunned by defeat, and the ravages of the Versailles treaty, it was not hard for a leader to convince millions that one element of the nation's society was responsible for most of the evils heaped upon it.

How Social Networking Makes Money Essay

A.Social networking is a daily activity for most of us. Facebook, Twitter all this sites have hundreds of millions of users. One thing I always think about, are these sites are businesses? It’s free to join and you do not need to pay to start building networking. B.If we take a look at the stock of the entire social media network we will find that the companies are valued in the billions of dollars. It’s a booming industry. How do they make money? Reasons A.First thing, social networks start with funding from Venture capitalists. a. Facebook & Google are the great example. They can reach very large audience at a very low cost. b. Creative Products & Promotions for example face book’s gifts. B.Data mining a. Data is the base of any business. It is potentially very valuable for companies’ growth. b. Some companies are â€Å"eavesdropping† on conversations, reading what users are saying about their products or competitor’s product. For Example Yelp, Twitter C. Advertising & fees the most common way for websites to generate revenue. a. A social networking site like Facebook has millions of active users. Access to that enormous user base is a valuable commodity. b. Charging for membership fees: To use certain features of the site they ask for the upgrade. For example, linked in. Linked in withhold key features from users until they choose to upgrade to a premium account. I hope this gives you a sense of why the market shares are in billions for these sites and where social networks are and where they are going to be in future. It is a growing industry and one can actually start making money from social networking sites. Invest your time learning how to make money with this.

Effects of Too Much Technology in Children Essay

The effects of technology can be serious; from children not making it outside to ADD and ADHD. Most children spend more time in front of a television than they do playing outside with friends (â€Å"TV†). As more technology comes out every day, we have to set a limit for children. Being around too much technology can eventually affect you mentally. There are a lot of things now that could bring on ADD or ADHD, but there could be another cause. Studies have shown that technology is starting to play a major part. A study at Iowa State University showed that people who play video games for more than two hours a day have double the chances of developing an attention disorder (Pytel). Using too much technology can definitely affect someone mentally. Another setback about using too much technology is that it’s driving children away from going outside and playing with friends. Some children’s only contact with nature is through Discovery Channel or Nation Geographic Channel. You will barely ever see kids playing at the local park anymore. Not only has too much technology lead to driving kids away from nature, but also childhood obesity, laziness, and addiction to games and internet because of it. Parents need to take action and take their kids outside instead of letting them sit in front of a TV all day long (Mehta). Taking action is a must in order for kids to get away from the technological world. A big part of kids not making it outside is because of the media world advertising things electronic. Nowadays, everything from a cereal box to a TV show or commercial is advertising either a game or a TV show. Something’s advertise online virtual worlds that you can make your own â€Å"you†. Not only could this bring your child to more technology, but let them live in a virtual world and not the real world. Companies make online games that you have to tend to every day or you will lose coins or some sort of virtual money, thus bringing children even closer to the world of technology. Another thing is that television advertisements. On almost every children’s TV show there is a commercial for some video game or TV show that they just have to see. When kids see other kids, for example, playing video games online or off, they think that it’s okay to do that too. Notice that companies never set a limit on how much you can play every day. Instead of advertising video games, why don’t they start advertising getting outside and getting moving? Advertisements are a huge influence on kids. Too much technology usage can affect a child seriously. From childhood obesity and game addictions to ADD and ADHD, technology is starting to effect the next generation of tomorrow in a negative way.

Macbeth Essay: Is Macbeth a sympathetic character? Essay

In Shakespeare’s screenplay, tragedies usually arouse feelings of pity and fear. Yet is the gradual breakdown of Macbeth enough for the audience to feel sympathetic for him? Macbeth is taken place in Scotland. It explores themes like power, desires, ambition and gender etc.. In the story, Macbeth is a general that, due to three witches’ prophecies, fell from a hero into the trap of dark desires for power. An interesting point to note is the relationship between man and woman in the story. Unlike classic views, Macbeth is a rather weak man at home and is dominated and influenced by his wife. I think that there are three points that prove Macbeth to be a sympathetic character. To begin with, Macbeth has never been treated fairly since the beginning. Firstly, the prophecies of the witches have never been fully true. They have hidden some of the truth and consequences just to spur Macbeth on. The prophecies is the reason to his thirst for throne and power. Macbeth believes everything the witches said is true as one of the prophecies has already been fulfilled. Because of the partial-lies, Macbeth thinks of himself undefeatable. His moral conscience allows him to doubt if he shall trust them. Second of all, Lady Macbeth is one of the main reason that pushes Macbeth’s mind to murder. As Lady Macbeth craves for power, she entices Macbeth to listen to her through asking him to strive for money and power. She also threatens and mocks Macbeth’s manhood and courage as a â€Å"coward†, telling him to â€Å"screw [his] courage to the sticking place†. During the murders, she even supports and supervises Macbeth in the murders by asking him to â€Å"leave all the rest to [her]†. Hence, Macbeth has so many outside influences, that it is much likely that he will not have continued with his thoughts to kill Duncan without the influence other characters made on him. Moreover, I believe that Macbeth suffers a lot more than what deserves. He may have hurted a lot of innocent people, but the consequences he faces is  much worse. First, he has been haunted by guilt ever since the first murder. He keeps on having hallucinations: the bloody daggers, Banquo’s ghost†¦ These all marks Macbeth’s guilt and remorse that will permanently stain him for the rest of his life. Secondly, he is slowly becoming more and more isolated. He first loses King Duncan, a man that puts in a lot of trust in him, after murdering him with his own hands. He then kills Banquo, his â€Å"friend† and â€Å"companion-in-arms†, because of the threats he poses to him. Near the end, he even loses his wife Lady Macbeth, who died from illness. At this point, Macbeth has already went from an isolated couple with Lady Macbeth to a totally isolated individual. He has nobody to confront with, nobody to talk to, he is all lonely. Third, his murders even cost his own life. The murders of Macduff’s family and Duncan eventually led to the revenge of Macduff and Malcolm. Therefore, we can see that Macbeth already has to face a lot of consequences due to his murders. Finally, Macbeth has always been portrayed as a real hero in the public’s eyes. In the beginning of the plot, it is mentioned that Macbeth fights a lot of wars for King Duncan and has gained the title of the Thane of Cawdor. He fights so tremendously like â€Å"a giant of fury and courage† that â€Å"he made killing almost holy†. His bravery and success is even described as â€Å"supernatural†. Even when he knows that he is finally going to lose, he still says that he â€Å"cannot fly, but bear-like [he] must fight the course.† He feels like a baited bear, chained to be attacked just for pure pleasure of audience, trapped and lonely, yet there is no going back, he has no chance to win this battle or even go back to where he once is. Yet he never once give up and still continue to fight and be courageous in such hard situations. Therefore, we can see that Macbeth is a real hero. Although some might say that although Macbeth is in grief and guilt, he continue to step further and murder more innocents. Even when Lady Macbeth repents, he never stopped to think what went wrong. In my opinion, Macbeth only did what a normal person would do. He only continued with the murders because there is no turning back. As he says, â€Å"I am in blood stepped in so far, †¦ returning were as tedious as go o’er.’ His mistakes has left him no other choices, even if he admit his wrongs, not much can be done. To him,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"another crime, another murder†¦ but did it matter any more?†. He cannot turn back time. What done is done. He have to face the consequences of his faults. In conclusion, Macbeth is a sympathetic character. He has a strong sense of honour and loyalty, even during the murders of Duncan, he is very resistant and faces a lot of guilt afterwards. It was only because of influence from others that turned him to his dark desires. The story would have turned out to be a lot different if Lady Macbeth is a typical woman. Macbeth will not have been motivated by so much without Lady Macbeth. Even so, when he found the witches to be a fraud, he still acts like a hero, faces the fact and fight with Macduff. Macbeth is a character that took in a lot of hits — from depression to conscience and psychological conflicts to loneliness and isolation. Therefore, no matter how much wrong Macbeth did, he already paid back through the consequences that hit him, he is a sympathetic character.

General Paper

MARRIAGE. â€Å"Marriage is the union of two different surnames, in friendship and in love, in order to continue the posterity of the former sages, and to furnish those who shall preside at the sacrifices to heaven and earth, at those in the ancestral temple, and at those at the altars to the spirits of the land and grain. † —Confucius, As this culture becomes more individual focused, bonds with others for survival becomes less important. We now pay people to do the things we used to accomplish in a partnership. Restaurants and fast food chains, once relegated to occasional family outings, are a main source of nourishment.There are agencies that will deliver â€Å"home-cooked meals† to you or have them ready for pick-up. Cleaning staff, once limited to the rich or to businesses, are being used by the middle-class. Both parents are working, focusing on their careers, their paths toward self individuation, and more tedious tasks like yard work are being hired out. The point, partnerships are less necessary than they were 60 years ago. That is the social reason that the institution of marriage may be outdated. But the social influence does not stand alone. These changes impact individuals and individuals make up a marriage.So what are some of the individual characteristics that may contribute to marriage being an outdated concept? First, as discussed above, it is the desire for individuation by those in a marriage. More and more often people want to have meaning in their life, beyond raising a family. We are culture whose individuals want to be different. Americans want to stand out. They want to feel they accomplished something for themselves. As such, simply supporting a partner to achieve feels inadequate to many. They also want to achieve, and to be supported in their endeavors.This alone can contribute to strife in a marriage. Whose needs come first? How long do I put my goals on the back burner to help you attain yours? When can I pursue my happiness? â€Å"Is marriage as an institution outdated? † Discuss According to the most recent statistics, the divorce rate, often quoted (even by this author in classes) as 50% of marriages, is actually closer to the low 40 percentile. (Divorce Rate: It's Not as High as You Think, By Dan Hurley, The New York Times, and April 19, 2005). But that does not negate the fact that the United States has the highest divorce rate in the world per capital.The fact that so many American marriages end in divorce leads to the question is marriage an outdated institution? I think the answer is dependent on some of your personal variables. First, let us look at the facts: over 40% of marriages end in divorce. This does not simply infer that the intact marriages are happy. This author attended a lecture by a respected psychiatrist, rabbi, and author who suggested that another half of the in-tact marriages were unhappy. Per capita, the United States has the highest divorce rate in the wo rld. The average duration of a marriage in the U.S is about 7 to 8 years. And although marriage is an institution which makes childrearing most efficacious, marriages in which there are children end in divorce with a higher frequency than those marriages without children. Yet marriage remains an institution that many would not think of doing away with or even restructuring. Likely even the question of marriage being an outdated institution raises eyebrows. A controversial issue in this country currently is whether gays should have the right to marry, again showing the attachment to this social institution.Many young people wouldn't dream of not getting married. In fact, many women have been dreaming about their impending nuptials since they were young children. This is not only true for women, as many men assume marriage and children are a foregone conclusion in their lives. So what is this author's argument that the idea of marriage might be outdated? Well, beyond the statistics ab ove, I also believe that as the Dali Lama said, â€Å"Our purpose in life is to be happy. From the very core of our being, we simply desire contentment. † This is becoming more and more true today, as more people seek happiness.Marriage is a source of lasting happiness for some, but for others it is only a temporary high. The first argument that marriage might be outdated is the divorce rate. Marriage has been around as an institution since, well, according to anything found in this author's research, ancient time. It was reported as necessary for childrearing, property disbursement, and bloodline. In these times it was more necessary to have a partnership to survive. Even more than partnerships, tribes were necessary for survival. As times changed, neighborhoods became like tribes and small communities worked together to enhance the lives of all.But Western civilization has continued to move toward a more individualistic culture. Today people are less likely to even socializ e with their neighbors, let alone rely on them. It is true some areas are bound by their neighborhood, and the community works together to enhance the life of its members. But this is becoming less and less true. As an example, how many â€Å"daycare centers† for children were there 50 years ago? As this culture becomes more individual focused, bonds with others for survival becomes less important. We now pay people to do the things we used to accomplish in a partnership.Restaurants and fast food chains, once relegated to occasional family outings, are a main source of nourishment. There are agencies that will deliver â€Å"home-cooked meals† to you or have them ready for pick-up. Cleaning staff, once limited to the rich or to businesses, are being used by the middle-class. Both parents are working, focusing on their careers, their paths toward self individuation, and more tedious tasks like yard work are being hired out. The point, partnerships are less necessary than they were 60 years ago. That is the social reason that the institution of marriage may be outdated.But the social influence does not stand alone. These changes impact individuals and individuals make up a marriage. So what are some of the individual characteristics that may contribute to marriage being an outdated concept? First, as discussed above, it is the desire for individuation by those in a marriage. More and more often people want to have meaning in their life, beyond raising a family. We are culture whose individuals want to be different. Americans want to stand out. They want to feel they accomplished something for themselves. As such, simply supporting a partner to achieve feels inadequate to many.They also want to achieve, and to be supported in their endeavors. This alone can contribute to strife in a marriage. Whose needs come first? How long do I put my goals on the back burner to help you attain yours? When can I pursue my happiness? Another aspect of this is the dr ive toward excitement and experience. For some people, experience is more important than possessions. Some people just enjoy experience, for its own sake. They may be thrill seekers, or may just place a high value on novel experiences. These people just enjoy doing new things and meeting new people.At one point in time these characters might have been explorers, adventurers, or other types of risk takers. It seems though, that this is becoming much more common as a character trait these days. And folks with this character trait are likely to find the routine of marriage stifling. There are other reasons that marriages may fail that are related to society. For one, despite many marriages failing or being unhappy, we live in a culture that romanticizes marriage. People are constantly told they will find their soul mate, that if this relationship doesn't work out; another will come along who might be â€Å"the one. In reality, how often are you able to accurately predict who your â₠¬Å"one† is? Most people getting married believe they found the one. And when that doesn't work and they remarry, they often believe this time they found the one. And this isn't limited only to those who marry. How many people did you get romantically involved with who at some point you thought were probably â€Å"the one†? Perhaps this concept, which shows no signs of dying despite the evidence against it, is at worst mere wishful thinking, or at best, a long-shot. Along with this idea of marriage being romanticized is the desire to simply have a wedding.First, a wedding is a beautiful thing. The pageantry, the pomp, and the beauty of it all results in it being majestic. Everyone should have one. It just doesn't seem they should have to stay together forever as a result. In a recent discussion with a colleague who was discussing marriage, she reported she wanted to get married. It wasn't that she necessarily wanted to marry the guy she was with, but that she wanted to g et married to someone. She discussed the beauty of a wedding, and how it would be a shame to miss out on that. Everyone wants to be Cinderella or Prince Charming for a night.This is not uncommon thinking. But does the expectation have to be that they will stay together for a lifetime? (There was an article two years ago about a politician in a European country advocating a law that marriages expire after seven years, with the opportunity to renew. Of course she was mocked and ridiculed). Another point of discussion for why marriages may fail focuses on the fact that many people get married before having been on their own. Recently one of my students, when discussing her relationship, actually said she didn't want to be alone for the rest of her life.She couldn't have been more than 27, although early 20’s is more likely. For some reason this is a predominant fear in our culture (this could evolve into an existential discussion, but that is better placed in another article). T here seems to be a myth that if you don't find someone, and latch onto them, you will be lonely and miserable, possibly for the rest of your life. Many people seem to settle so they don't have to face this fear. Ultimately, this fear becomes less predominant, and the person may leave the marriage. But the real culprit was the fear leading to settling.Too often, marriage is an attempt to posses another. When humans love someone, they are afraid to let them go. People are afraid of loss. And what better way to secure someone than marriage? Marriage provides a {false} sense of security. It definitely makes ending the relationship more difficult. But beyond just the fear of being alone is the fact that if you haven't been on your own you are used to a cycle of dependency. First people are dependent on their caregivers. And if they go from this state to one of marriage, they have never really been independent. There has always been someone else helping out.Outside of simply being depende nt, there is a level of maturation that comes from living on your own and not being in a romantic relationship. One learns to nurture oneself, to care for oneself, to be independent in the truest sense of the word. Unfortunately, many who enter marriage have never really experienced this. This discussion of personal growth leads me to another point regarding how the changing times have altered individual's character. These days more people are interested in their own personal growth. As people grow and change the risk of growing apart increases.When most people in their forties think of what they were like in their twenties, they can usually see the tremendous changes that have occurred. This is even truer when personal growth is a goal. And with one or even both partners growing and changing, the potential for growth in opposing directions is a possibility. And even if you don't grow apart, there is the possibility of a loss of attraction for your partner, and growing attraction fo r others you meet on your path. Attraction is one of my favorite areas of psychology. The reason one individual is attracted to another is rich with possibility.For some, there is a reminiscence of something deeply enjoyed in the past. A client recently discussed how the attraction to each of her recent relationships related to two important men in her life. This is excellent evidence of this phenomenon. For some people they believe this person they are with is the best they will ever be able to get. Sometimes this comes from feelings of low self esteem, but this is not always the case. Often there is a bargaining process which goes on inside of us when considering a romantic partner. We have this much beauty, smarts, financial potential, humor, etc, and we want equal value.Too much value and we might be insecure. Too little, and well we are getting the short end of the stick. But beyond all of this is the most common reason one individual is attracted to another: early childhood me mory. This article is not the appropriate place for this discussion, so I refer the reader to â€Å"A General Theory of Love† by Lewis, Amini, and Lannon. In short the above book systematically provides a theory that purports that all experiences, but most importantly early childhood experiences, affect the choices we make in close relations.If we had dysfunction in our home, we continue this pattern in other relations. This leads to another reason marriages may not remain intact as they used to, and hence may be an outdated concept. Bluntly, pathology is less accepted now. In the past, abuse, issues of control, alcoholism, addiction, and mental illness were hidden in a closet. These days' people are more psychologically informed. They are more aware that being mistreated is not acceptable, that it is not a reflection on them. They are less likely to tolerate behavior which contributes to their unhappiness.And furthermore, they are more likely than their predecessors to read self-help books, engage in therapy and resolve the issues that result in staying somewhere they are unhappy. They are even more likely to resolve the issues that lead to the attraction to begin with, which would result in the attraction dissipating. So is marriage an outdated concept? It is possible after reading this article you may think this author believes so. And for many people, I do believe marriage is an outdated concept.And I am not alone, although likely in the minority (judging from the comments posted on the article â€Å"On Marriage: Let's Call the Whole Thing Off† posted on MSN June 228, 2009). But I do marriage counseling, and believe marriage is right for many other people. The goal is to find if you are right for marriage. And ultimately whether marriage is an outdated concept or not is a personal decision. Some of the things you might look at before making the decision are your motives for marriage. Are you buying into a preconceived notion of what is suppos ed to be, without evaluating your values?Have you been planning your wedding since you were young and do you just refuse to give up on the dream, regardless of how your personality might affect long term commitment? Are you devoutly religious, and believe that pleasing God comes before personal happiness? If you believe marriage is for you, and you have evaluated your motives, then far be it for any article to sway you. Just realize marriage is work, and it will be important to forgo your happiness at times to maintain the marriage. And keep your hope. Even if marriage is an outdated concept, everyone has the right to make the choices they make. Good luck on your path.

Car Industry Managers Ethical Concerns

Car Industry Managers Ethical Concerns In the 21st century, business managers have lot of challenges for the business progress, while the main challenges that business managers have are, good use of human resources, about the marketing of the products, long range planning for better results, and better use of analysis towards the foundation for decision making, (Drucker, P.F., Classic Drucker collection). In the early days, a vehicle was prepared by few men, under a shed for the purpose of carriage trade, besides this now car manufacturers are employing specialists in different fields (engineering, economist, marketing experts etc) to overcome different challenges (Christ, The motor industry). In the car industry managers are also facing challenges costs of cars, government policies for the industry, working conditions of the staff, about the oil consumption and pollution. In ethical concerns one of the main practical issues with respect to consumers is prices of cars. Aged people and people with low income prefer cars o f low prices. In the words of Arndt Ellinghorst (head of automotive research at credit Suisse), smaller and less expensive cars are preferred by older people because these cars are easy to handle, which results in stronger vehicle downsizing (Daniel Schafe, Financial Times). In consumer concerns another practical issue for the managers is safety and appearance of the cars. Most of the car makers avoid building safety features in the cars which they knew are necessary for the safety of consumers (Ralph Nader, The motor industry). Now people prefer safety and beautiful appearance of cars in different designs (Dannenberg, J. and Burgard, J., Oliver Wyman Journal). One of the most struggling challenges for the car industry managers is staff issues in ethical concerns of consumers. Health and safety is of main priority because employees are the assets of the business and if employees during the work become injured then the business may be suffered and a business can make good profits wit h efficient workers (Cuscio, W.). Another issue is employees benefits, employ benefits include different packages like pension, extra work reward and also include vacations, the other benefit is that the employees must be fairly compensated (Managing services quality journal). Also managers must take into account the working conditions of the employees, employees should be paid according to their work. In addition many companies are not paying their employees according to their work for example, in 2009 Toyota cut pay and working hours of the employees by 10%, there are 4500 employees working in Toyota with basic pay of ÂÂ £19000 per year and now losing ÂÂ £1900 in a year (Emily Garnham, express news). In respect of consumer concern advertising is also a big challenge for managers. People want true and fair advertising of cars so that they chose their desired cars. Wisconsin law shows that the advertising of cars must be truthful (Wisconsin department of transportation). A nother challenge for the managers with respect to consumers concerns is the government policies for the automobiles (restriction on the imports and exports and custom duties on cars). Consumers are also affected by these policies because in some countries government impose high custom duties on cars so people cannot afford such cars for example, In Ukraine, world trade organization has eliminated the restrictions on eight year old cars and reduced the import rates on automobile from 25% to 10% (China law and practice).

Monaco grand prix economic impacts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Monaco grand prix economic impacts - Essay Example They are typically organized by variable combination of national governmental and international non-governmental organizations (Sylt and Reid, 2010).† The Monaco Grand prix has great economical impacts; first and foremost it leads to technological development of mass communication especially satellite television. This development means that revenues from television to host the events increase overwhelmingly. The television rights are sold very highly like the rights to host Olympic games in 2000 in Sidney was over US$1 billion (Sylt and Reid, 2010). There is also a lot of corporate sponsorship which provide huge sums of money to the host countries. The event is also useful in marketing products and showcasing various country attractions hence attracting tourism and foreign investments. This event is one of the most significant events ready to transform the country. This leads to an increase in the volumes of tourists who come to the event for various reasons (Sharkey, 2011). In return, the huge visitor or tourist volumes increase the revenue received from the tourist and hence boosts the local trade. To host such an event, a lot of marketing and publicity has to be done, this leads to the host country being known world wide and having a positive image which in return boost tourism even during the non pick periods (Sharkey, 2011). Hosting such a mega event gives the host country a chance to be put on the world map, by providing significant exposure to the world. They serve as a platform to show the cultural, economical and political power of the host. By hosting such a significant event it shows that the country has entered the international scene as a major figure. This has been the case for countries like Singapole, Japan which hosted the 2002 FIFA World Cup, South Korea etc which little was known about them but after hosting sporting events their economies emerged and the political status became known

Research problem definition Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Problem definition - Research Paper Example That is how loyalty marketing, not only in the hospitality industry but also in the whole business market, emerged as being necessary and ideal. Loyalty marketing is â€Å"the management process of identifying ‘best customers’ and utilizing customer data and insight to create, retain and grow profitable relationships.† (ICLPloyalty.com, 2011: p. 1). Loyalty marketing has become a key factor for success in the service industry over the past years (Bolton, Kannan & Bramlett, 2000; Levey, 2005). In such a highly competitive market, service providers in many industries have discovered the importance of customer retention (Shoemaker & Lewis, 1999). They recognize the fact that keeping their customers is just as important as creating them. Loyalty programs have now become so common in the hospitality industry that it is hard to find a business that does not have such a program. It is known that loyal customers make more purchases than non-loyal customers do, and they ar e less likely to switch to a competitor brand just because of price and other special promotions (Shoemaker & Lewis, 1999). The most essential theory of loyalty marketing is that a small increase in loyal customers can bring a significant increase in profitability to a business. Reichheld and Sasser (1990) found that a 5 % increase in customer retention resulted in up to a 125 % increase in profits in nine service industry groups they studied. Moreover, the Harvard Business Review discovered that a company can double its profits by retaining just 5% more of its customers (Maxted, 2005). In the changing global environment, it is not too much to say that all business firms are looking for innovative ways to increase customer loyalty, because customer loyalty has a very powerful impact on firms' performance and it is considered as a major source of competitive advantages (Lam, Shanker, Erramilli, & Murthy, 2004). Loyalty marketers are not just collecting customer data, but they are als o analyzing their customers’ behavior in order to have a better understanding and to make improvements. They want to know what types of rewards the customers are redeeming, what kinds of partner offers appeal to customers, and even the customers' lifestyle or preference. The knowledge that vendors gain from knowing their customers can be expected to bring a better chance of success (Capizzi et al., 2003). Overall, one of the most dominant trends of loyalty programs these days is the coalition model. Companies in different businesses are bonding together in order to share the branding, operational costs, marketing expenses, data, and customers. These multi-merchant loyalty coalition programs offer strong benefits to attract more customers by creating value (Capizzi et al., 2003). For example, hotels are partnering with other airlines, rental cars, restaurants, and even credit card companies and offering loyalty customers more opportunity to earn points and benefits. One of the world's most recognized hotel rewards program, the Marriott Rewards, has partnerships with Boston Coach, Chase, Hertz, Skymall, Air Canada, British Airways, American Airlines, and numerous other airline companies. Members of the Marriott rewards can also earn additional points via the Marriott rewards visa card issued by Bank One (Marriott International Inc., 2011). Another example of this type of loyalty program in the hotel industry is the Hilton HHonors offered by Hilton. Hilton HHonors has more than 55

Starbucks Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Starbucks Case Study - Essay Example The location for the first store was, in Seattle in the â€Å"touristy Pikes Place Market†. The name of the store was Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spice. The setting of the store was to quote the website â€Å"modest, hand-built nautical fixtures†. On one wall was filled with whole bean coffees while another had shelves of coffee products. Peet owned a store called Peet’s Coffee and Tea. It was in this store that Peet thought of how these three would-be founders of how to brew the coffee beans in a manner that brought out their flavour (Thompson and Gamble 1997). In the beginning, according to the official company website, the method of brewing this coffee was the European way. This method was chosen because it brought out the full flavour of the beans. In addition, the name of the company was drawn from a character in the Moby Dick who loved coffee. The company logo was in continuance of this romantic ideal which was a two-tailed mermaid encircled by the companyâ⠂¬â„¢s name (Thompson and Gamble 1997). Between 1982 and 1985, the company hired Howard Schultz as head of marketing and overseeing retail stores. By then, the company had four stores within Seattle. After a while of experience, a lot of a challenges, as well as, resistance from the top management, Schultz quit to form his own company called â€Å"II Giornale†. This was the company that in 1987 purchased Starbucks and by 1992 had established 161 stores. It was after 1992 that the company went public in a highly successful initial Public Offering (Thompson and Gamble 1997). Starbucks Culture as per Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Hofstede a Dutch social psychologist came up with four dimensions, which were later reversed upward to six (Piepenburg 2011). In his opinion, these dimensions influence human thinking, organizations and institutions in a certain, predictable manner (Piepenburg 2011). These dimensions are power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/colle ctivism, and masculinity/femininity. According to Hofstede, the first dimension is Power Distance Index (PDI). In this dimension, the main focus is on how a society or organization is stratified. Equality or inequality is the major reference point of this dimension (Piepenburg 2011). Going back to the Starbucks, there is a difference in terms of the Power Distance. Under the original founding partners, the company did not seem to hold the employees in high esteem. A case in point was the request for the extension of healthcare to part time workers, which had been turned down. Under Schultz, the company took a different path. This involved extending the coverage to all employees working 20 or more hours, and it was similar to the coverage extended to the fulltime employees (Thompson and Gamble 1997).This was mainly driven by Schultz’s humble background and the desire to not let others go through what his father had to endure. Another dimension is Uncertainty Avoidance Index (U AI). This dimension is defined as the extent to which people within a culture feel threatened by uncertain or unknown situations (Thomson and Baden-Fuller 2010).Accordingly Uncertainty Avoidance Index is higher in countries that citizens are more emotional and motivated by inner nervous energy (Thomson and Baden-Fuller 2010). In this case, the UAI in the United States was lower than it was in France when Starbucks was making a foray into this country. This indicates that the general French conservative citizens preferred their traditional coffee houses to the

The Evolutionary Origins of Smallpox Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Evolutionary Origins of Smallpox - Essay Example Smallpox is caused by the Variola virus, a member of the orthopox virus family and one of the many pox viruses that have been infecting a range of animal species throughout the world for millennia. Orthopox viruses include cowpox and chicken pox. Humans can be infected by some of these pox viruses, but none are as deadly as smallpox (Peters, 2004). When seen under an electronic microscope, Variola looks like a brick-shaped or elliptical classic form consisting of two strands of DNA (Barnes, 2007). They represent the largest and the most complex of the pathogenic viruses. It is one of the largest and most complicated viruses known, thus, so lethal and difficult to combat. When the Variola invades the human cell it, is forced to reproduce the virus until there are hundreds of thousands of viruses within the cell. When the cell can no longer contain the viruses, the cell bursts. The viruses shower onto other cells infecting them (Glynn & Glynn, 2004). Then the process begins all over ag ain. Unlike most DNA viruses that replicate within the nucleus of the host cell, pox viruses manage to replicate outside the nucleus within the cytoplasm of the infected cell. The virus sheds its double membranous coat once it gains entry into the host cell and slowly begins to absorb particular nutrients from the cytoplasm needed for its replication (Barnes, 2007). Origins of the disease The question of the origin and evolution of human smallpox virus was difficult to address. No one definitely knows when, where or how the first occurrence of the smallpox virus on earth happened. Even within documented human history, it is difficult to trace the forms of smallpox origins and ascertain its development completely. All kinds of plagues, rashes and pox diseases, as well as other diseases, were mentioned interchangeably. The earliest unscientific descriptions of the symptomatology do not sufficiently differentiate various kinds of ailments (Koplow, 2004). Even in the modern era, particu lar differential diagnosis has continued to pose a challenge as smallpox can evolve as numerous distinct types of diseases from time to time, until laboratory findings confirm the innitial clinical impressions. There are several explanations which have been expressed in attempt to explain the origins or beginning of the human version of the virus. Peters (2004) claims that the Variola virus can be traced back to prehistoric times. In its early form it was a virus that primarilry infected rodents. However, prehistoric humans hunted rodents for food or came into conatct with them in other ways, and at some point the virus may have jumped from rodents to humans. Koplow (2004) suggests that the small pox virus might have originated from arbitrary mutation of some other less virulent and even older subspecies of unknown virus. This might have happened most probably around 10,000B.C, somewhere in the bountiful Ganges River plain in India. He insinuates that some moderately minor disease a gents instinctively adapted and modified themselves from

Global political economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Global political economy - Essay Example and definition that real free trade is both beneficial and possible. Question one According to Aristotle democracy is usually not the best form governance. This is also true for oligarchy and the monarchy rule. The rule in democracy is for and by the people who are named in the government type. Aristotle’s main litmus test for styles of governance can be defined as whether or not he viewed them as ultimately virtuous or non-virtuous. According to Aristotle (5) asserts that the decision-making process that takes place within a true democracy as ultimately non-virtuous. This is due to the fact that Aristotle previously defined virtue as a trait that is less common than non-virtue. Therefore, by very definition, rule by majority would be much more likely to display non-virtue than virtue. According to Aristotle, the reason that democracy is unable to present a high level of virtue among the citizenry of a given region/nation is due to the fact that democracy is ultimately based o n a flimsy and misunderstood representation of the word freedom. Aristotle (7) reported that, â€Å"democracies define freedom badly... Everyone lives as he wants and toward whatever end he happens to crave†. What this ultimately represents is its schizoid system in which a litany of human wants, needs, and desires are all represented under the umbrella term of democracy; therefore somewhat whitewashing the term to appear to represent the desires and needs of a broad number of people. However, due to the fact that these individuals must be grouped by their handlers in order to speak to a specific range of needs, democracy rarely represents the needs of the people, masses, or the society at large. According to Aristotle a democracy is the rule of the majority and rule of the poor. When making a decision on the non-virtous and the virtous. Aristotle views that the rule of the majority in practise it is non-virtous because it is too hard to find the majority who can be virtous. The rule of the majority and the poor under a democracy does not aid the city state to attain its telos. As consequence, Aristotle is of the belief that a democracy is not a good form of rule because both the rule of the poor and majority does not attain the telos of the city state. Another reason why the democracy is not a virtous form of government is actually rooted in a concept of equality in a democracy. To Aristotle, a good government is one which is rules aristocratically; meaning that it based on merit (Aristotle 5). In Aristotle’s defination, a democratic is the one has the most people have a participation in the ruling. Thereby, there is at least an approximation of participation of on an equal basis because all the persons have equal participation rights. For Aristotle, the second determinant of whether or not democracy is a normal form of government that should be practiced around the world, he relies upon the definition and understanding of the concept

Opposing Review of Apple 32GB iPhone 3GS review by PCWORLD.com Essay

Opposing Review of Apple 32GB iPhone 3GS review by PCWORLD.com - Essay Example One touch word selection, copy/paste, improved control over power, downloads and applications, new ways of communication etc are some of the features which makes android 2.3 better than iPhone OS 3.0 upgrade. Another claim about 3GS is the boosted CPU (600MHz) and its RAM (256MB). Samsung galaxy S2 which was released recently has 1.2 GHz dual core processor along with 512 MB RAM. It is evident from the above statistics that Galaxy S2 has pushed 32GB iPhone yards behind. Even 3G, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are functioning at a better rate in Samsung Galaxy S2 compared to iphone 3GS. â€Å"I was pleasantly surprised to have a noticeably better experience navigating apps like Marco Polo CityGuide London, a largely text-based utility with hooks into the Maps app† (Perenson, 2009). Mellissa would have even more surprised if she gets an opportunity to experience the navigation facilities available in Samsung Galaxy S2. GPS/Geo tagging is functioning far better in S2 than in iphone 3GS. The GPS facilities in S2 give you driving time, walking time and running time between two different places. It has the ability to locate your place automatically and guide you to your destination. Another feature of iphone which attracted Mellissa was the enhanced camera facility in iphone 3GS. She says that the 2 MP camera in earlier version was upgraded to 3MP in the newer version of iphone 3GS. It should be noted that Galaxy S2 has 8MP camera at the back and 3 MP camera in front and no other mobile phones in the world at present has superior imaging ability than S2. Another feature of iphone 3 GS which attracted Mellissa was the superior voice control facilities of it. Mellissa says that iphone 3GS is capable of obeying lot of voice commands. She should remember that Galaxy S2 is probably the only phone available now which has the ability to type text messages using voice recognition software. Galaxy S2 can be controlled more effectively through voice commands than iphone 3GS. Melli ssa says that iphone 3GS has superior display than any other phones in the world now. She argues that texts appear on iphone 3GS much sharper than any other phones in the world. Her opinions would have changed, if she gets an opportunity to check the display and touchscreen controls of galaxy S2. Galaxy S2 has definitely superior. Mellissa concluded her review with the following words; â€Å"With 32GB of storage and its data and multimedia strengths, Apple's iPhone 3GS is, despite the reservations noted, one of the best smartphones you can buy for the money† (Mellissa, 2009). Mellissa’s review of iphone appeared on PC World.com in 2009. Her claims could be somewhat true during that period. However, when we compare iphone 3GS now with other smartphones available in the market, we can realize that her concluding words are not relevant now. Samsung Galaxy S2 seems to be a better option than iphone 3GS now. I tried to criticize all the positive claims of Mellissa J. Perens on about iphone in this rebuttal paper. Even though Mellissa J. Perenson mentioned some of the drawbacks of this phone at the beginning of her review, the rest of the review consists of only the positives of this phone. A reader may develop a feeling that this phone is the greatest phone arrived in the market so far. In my opinion,

International Crime Witness Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

International Crime Witness - Assignment Example Notably, as per the fourth amendment of the US, courts orders police not to involve in unnecessary seizure or search of any place or individual without any warrants. Furthermore, as per the Fifth Amendment, an accused cannot be forced by the court of law to make any statements that might act against his well being in future instances. Furthermore, to seek fast trail as per the sixth amendment is also another right of accused in the US that is taken into consideration by the court of law (Missouri Protection and Advocacy Services, n.d.). On the other hand, in the UK, criminal accused are provided with the right of appropriate hearing in the court. Individuals, irrespective of the nature of their accusation must availed proper legal hearing with the assistance of a well experienced solicitor. In the UK, accused will also have the right to see the evidences on the basis of which any decision can be taken against him/her by the court of law (Jacobson & Talbot, 2009). Different legal approaches also exist amid the two nations i.e. the US and the UK with regard to the treatment provided to the defendants. Defendants of suspects in the UK who is accused of a particular crime will need to encounter with several trails by the court of law. They will be liable to get legal assistance from the legal authorities of the nations so that his/her rights of getting a fair trial could be ensured (Talbot, 2012). Similarly, in the US court, criminal defendants are provided with equal opportunities to clarify their point or justify themselves as an innocent. Furthermore, fair access to the legal assistance provided by the government to its citizen, is also practiced in during trial proceedings of criminal defendants in the US. Once crime against a particular accused is justified and proved, he/she will be imprisoned in the US for a particular period of time based upon the

Healthy foods vs. not healthy foods Essay Example for Free

Healthy foods vs. not healthy foods Essay Eating is something that we all have to do to stay alive and we do it at least three times a day. We live in a world where there are so many choices and no one but ourselves are responsible for the foods we eat. In this essay I will compare and contrast the differences between eating healthy foods instead of not so healthy foods. First I’m going to discuss the healthy foods. The two areas of healthy food I’m going to talk about are the benefits and taste. The Benefits of eating healthy foods are that our bodies stay healthy, keeps you full and satisfied longer during the day, giving you more energy through out the day and in the long run keeping us out of the doctor’s office. If you’re trying to lose weight consuming healthy foods is a start to lose weight. The taste of healthy foods is fresher and if you prepare it well the taste will satifa you but it can sometimes lack good taste if you don’t know how to prepare it. Second I’m going to discuss the benefits and taste of the not healthy foods. There is no benefit of eating food that isn’t healthy for you. When we consume foods that have no benefits we end up with all types of health problems like diabetes, heart conditions and being overweight Which all can lead to high medical bills. The taste of these kinds of food might tastes better at the moment due to all the ingredients that are in them and might cost cheaper so it becomes easier for us to consume. In the long run we are responsible for what we eat and the choices of food we buy but we should all consider the benefits it will make or not make.

The training needs of HCL Technologies employees

The training needs of HCL Technologies employees In a business, Human Resource is one of the disciplines which drives business for competitiveness. To achieve this training is very important. Competent employees will not remain competent forever. Their skills can deteriorate; technology may make their skills obsolete; the organization may move into new areas, changing the type of jobs that exist and the skills necessary to do them. This reality has not been overlooked by management. In order to train the employees the training need analysis is a must for enabling them to provide quality services to the customers both inside and outside .In order to assess the training needs, it is also necessary to derive the job contents and job descriptions for each category and cadre in respect of Employees working in all the Departments. An analysis of training need is an essential requirement to the design of effective training. The purpose of training need analysis is to determine whether there is a gap between what is required for effective performance and present level of performance. WHY TRAINING NEED ANALYSIS? Training need analysis is conducted to determine whether resources required are available or not. It helps to plan the budget of the company, areas where training is required, and also highlights the occasions where training might not be appropriate but requires alternate action. Training Need arises at three levels: Corporate need and training need are interdependent because the organization performance ultimately depends on the performance of its individual employee and its sub group. ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL Training need analysis at organizational level focuses on strategic planning, business need, and goals. It starts with the assessment of internal environment of the organization such as, procedures, structures, policies, strengths, and weaknesses and external environment such as opportunities and threats. After doing the SWOT analysis, weaknesses can be dealt with the training interventions, while strengths can further be strengthened with continued training. Threats can be reduced by identifying the areas where training is required. And, opportunities can be exploited by balancing it against costs. For this approach to be successful, the HR department of the company requires to be involved in strategic planning. In this planning, HR develops strategies to be sure that the employees in the organization have the required Knowledge, Skills, and Attributes (KSAs) based on the future KSAs requirements at each level. COMPANY PROFILE HCL Technologies is a leading global IT services company, working with clients in the areas that impact and redefine the core of their businesses. Since its inception into the global landscape after its IPO in 1999, HCL focuses on transformational outsourcing, underlined by innovation and value creation, and offers integrated portfolio of services including software-led IT solutions, remote infrastructure management, engineering and RD services and BPO. HCL leverages its extensive global offshore infrastructure and network of offices in 26 countries to provide holistic, multi-service delivery in key industry verticals including Financial Services, Manufacturing, Consumer Services, Public Services and Healthcare. HCL takes pride in its philosophy of Employee First which empowers our 55,688 transformers to create a real value for the customers. HCL Technologies, along with its subsidiaries, had consolidated revenues of US$ 2.5 billion (Rs. 11,822 crores), as on 21st December 2009 (on L TM basis). HCL is a $5 billion leading global technology and IT enterprise comprising two companies listed in India HCL Technologies and HCL Infosystems. Founded in 1976, HCL is one of Indias original IT garage start-ups. A pioneer of modern computing, HCL is a global transformational enterprise today. Its range of offerings includes product engineering, custom package applications, BPO, IT infrastructure services, IT hardware, systems integration, and distribution of information and communications technology (ICT) products across a wide range of focused industry verticals. The HCL team consists of over 62,000 professionals of diverse nationalities, who operate from 26 countries including over 500 points of presence in India. HCL has partnerships with several leading Global 1000 firms, including leading IT and Technology firms. While HCL Enterprise has a 20-year history, HCL Technologies is a relatively young company formed, nine years ago, in 1998. During this period, HCL has built unique st rengths in IT applications (custom applications for industry solutions and package implementation), IT infrastructure management and business process outsourcing, while maintaining and extending its leadership in product engineering. HCL has also built domain depth through a micro-verticalization strategy in industries such as Financial Services, Hi-tech and Manufacturing, Retail, Media and Entertainment, Life Sciences, and Telecom. HCL has created the ability to distribute value across the customers IT landscape through its well-distributed services portfolio, significant domain strengths, and locally relevant geographic distribution. HCL has the widest service portfolio among Indian IT service providers, with each of its services having attained critical mass. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: To study the training needs of the employees in order to increase the number of competent person and retain them in the organization. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: To bridge the gap between the actual and expected performance and behavior. To attain the level of performance this leads to the fulfillment of objectives. To increase the level of motivation among the employees in the organization. To develop their skills in interpersonal group communication. To develop potential knowledge and skills of the trainees to carry out defined tasks and responsibility. To assists in removing mental blocks, dispelling those doubts or misconceptions that may be preventing a participant from realizing the full range of his potential. NEED FOR THE STUDY We can identify several positive results that accrue from a well designed training program. Training efforts are consistent with and a natural extension of human resource planning. An analysis of training need is an essential requirement to the design of effective training. The purpose of training need analysis is to determine whether there is a gap between what is required for effective performance and present level of performance. Training need also develops the employee friendly work environment with high learning curve and leadership mentoring. Training need analysis is conducted to determine whether resources required are available or not. It helps to plan the budget of the company, areas where training is required, and also highlights the occasions where training might not be appropriate but requires alternate action. The need for training mainly to retain and promote employee who are strategic to the companies success. It leads to a strong sense of direction coupled with responsibility boosts motivational level and hence performance. The objective of this assessment is not that of selecting future promotes, but rather to help employees to improve their skills to achieve their performance. SCOPE OF THE STUDY To know the reasons for non-performance of employees. To create a platform for employees to fill the gaps in knowledge, competency, skill and experience. To create an opportunity for employees to interact with each other apart from job purposes. To consider as a change agent since management objectives are conveyed to the employees throughout the organization. To help in strengthening the team spirit. To help in applying knowledge, developing core competencies, and reducing work load. To help in developing focused and inspired staff. To know about the number of competent person and retain them in the organization. To know about employee satisfaction. To know about the growth opportunities of employee. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY It is not possible to conduct the perfect study because every study has its own limitations. Limitations of the study allow us to know, to what extent the findings can be generalized. In our study some of the limitations are: The study is limited to some particular unit of HCL. It is difficult to know whether the respondents opinion is exactly genuine as people perception may change from time to time. Since the study was during the time period of February 2010 TO March 2010, the findings may remain true for a certain period, after which it may not be applicable. Time was the main constrain. The research has to be completed within the stipulated time limit. Some information cannot be accessed due to its confidential nature. The employees are replied in a random number. 2.2 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION TABLE NO: 2.2.1 TABLE INDICATING AGE COMPOSITION OF THE RESPONDENTS OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS 7 6 25-25 25 29 26-45 44 27 >45 24 28 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: The above table shows that 6% of respondents are below 25, 29% of respondents are between 25-25, 27% of respondents are between 26-45 and 28% of respondents are above 45. INFERENCES: From the above findings it is inferred that majority of the respondents are between the age group of 26-45. FIGURE NO: 2.2.1 TABLE NO: 2.2.2 TABLE INDICATING GENDER COMPOSITION OF THE RESPONDENTS OPTIONS NO. OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Male 109 91 female 11 9 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: The above table shows that 91% of the respondents are male and 9% of the respondents are female. INFERENCES: From the above findings it is inferred that majority of the respondents are male. FIGURE NO: 2.2.2 TABLE NO: 2.2.2 TABLE INDICATING THE WORK EXPERIENCE OF THE RESPONDENTS OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS 40 22 5 to 10 25 29 11 to 20 22 19 >20 22 19 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: It is found that 22% of the respondents are below 5years of experience, 29% of the respondents are 5-10 years of experience, 19% of the respondents are 11-15 years of experience and 19% are above 20 years of experience. INFERENCES: From the above findings it is found that majority of the respondents are having below 5 years experience. FIGURE NO: 2.2.2 TABLE NO: 2.2.4 TABLE INDICATING THE DESIGNATION OF THE RESPONDENTS OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Senior officer 22 19% Manager 24 28% Deputy manager 20 25% Assistant manager 22 28% Total 120 100 FINDINGS: The above table shows that 19% of the respondents are senior officer and 28% of the respondents are manager, 25% of the respondents are deputy manager and 28% of the respondents are assistant manager. INFERENCES: From the above findings it is inferred that majority of the respondents are manager and assistant manager in the organization. FIGURE NO: 2.2.4 TABLE NO: 2.2.5 TABLE INDICATING THE TYPE OF TRAINING PROGRAMME PROVIDED TO EXECUTIVES OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Class room training 89 74 Simulation exercises 5 4 Workshops and seminars 10 9 E-learning 11 9 Under study assignments 5 4 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: The above table shows that 74% of respondents are of opinion that class room training are provided to them during their training, 4% of the respondents referred simulation exercises are provided, 9% of the respondents referred workshops and seminars are provided, 9% of the respondents referred E- learning are provided and 4% of the respondents referred under study assignments are provided during their training programme.. INFERENCE: From the above findings it is inferred that majority of respondents referred class room training methods is provided to them during their training programme. FIGURE NO: 2.2.5 TABLE NO: 2.2.6 TABLE INDICATING THE INITIATOR OF TRAINING PROGRAMME IN THE ORGANISATION OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Supervisor 15 12 Employees 5 4 HR Department 92 77 External consultants 1 1 If others 7 5 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: From the above table it is found that 12% of the executives identified that their supervisor initiates the training programme, 4% of the executives identified that they themselves initiates the training programme, 77% of the executives identified that the HR department initiates the training programme, 1% executive identified that external consultant initiates the training programme,5% of the executives identified that other person will initiates the training in the organization. INFERENCES: From the above findings it is inferred that 77% of the executives identified that the HR department initiates the training programme in the organization. FIGURE NO: 2.2.6 TABLE NO: 2.2.7 TABLE INDICATING THE TYPE OF VISUAL AIDS USED IN TRAINING PROGRAMME OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Overhead projector transparencies 40 22 Board 20 17 Flip charts 5 4 Hand outs 6 5 Power point presentations 49 41 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: From the above table it is found that 22% of the respondents referred over head projectors are used in their training, 17% of the respondents referred boards are used as the visual aids in their training, 4% of the respondents referred flip charts are used in the training,5% of the respondents referred handouts are used in their training, 41% of the respondents referred power point presentations are used as the visual aids in their training INFERENCES: From the above findings it is inferred that 41% of the respondents referred power point presentations are used as the visual aids in their training programme. FIGURE NO: 2.2.7 TABLE NO: 2.2.8 TABLE INDICATING THE EXTERNAL TRAINING PROGRAMME PROVIDED IN THE ORGANISATION OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Yes 116 97 No 4 2 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: The above table shows that 97% of respondents are of opinion that external training programme provided in the organization,2% of the respondents are of opinion that they are not accepting that statement.. INFERENCES: From the above findings it is inferred that 97% of the respondents say that the external training programme are provided to them in the organization. FIGURE NO: 2.2.8 INTERVAL ESTIMATION: CALCULATION: NEED FOR TEST: To find out whether any external training programme had provided to executives. Let p be the total no: of responses yes Let q be the total no: of responses No p===0.96 q=1-p=0.04 n=120 At 95% level of confidence z=1.96 CONCLUSION: It is concluded that at 95% confidence level of population proportion of external training programme provided in the organization and it lies between 0.85 and 0.995 that is 85% to 95%. TABLE NO: 2.2.9 TABLE INDICATING EFFECTIVE FACTOR OF THE TRAINING PROGRAMME OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Yes 116 97 No 4 2 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: From the above table it is found that 97% of the employees are of opinion that the training programme was found effective, 2% of the respondents are of opinion that they are not accepting that statement. INFERENCES: From the above findings it is inferred that 97% of the respondents say that training programme was found effective in the organization.. FIGURE NO: 2.2.9 INTERVAL ESTIMATION: CALCULATION: NEED FOR TEST: To find out whether the training programme was effective Ho: The training programme does not found effective. H1: The training programme found effective. Let p be the total no: of responses yes Let q be the total no: of responses No p===0.96 q=1-p=0.04 n=120 At 95% level of confidence z=1.96 CONCLUSION: It is concluded that at 95% confidence level of population proportion the training programme was found effective and lies between 0.85 and 0.995 that is 85% to 95%. TABLE NO: 2.2.10 TABLE INDICATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TRAINING PROGRAMME OPTIONS NO OF RESPONDENTS PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS Very high 28 22 High 60 50 Neither high nor low 20 25 Low 2 2 Very low 0 0 Total 120 100 FINDINGS: It is found that 22% of the respondents have very high level of expectations in the effectiveness of the training programme, 50% of the respondents have high level of expectations in the effectiveness of the training, 25% of the respondents have neither high nor low level of expectations in the effectiveness of the training, 2% of the respondents have low level of expectations in the effectiveness of the training programme. INFERENCES: it is inferred that 50% of the respondents have high level of expectations in the effectiveness of the training programme. FIGURE NO: 2.2.10 CALCULATION SHOWING PEARSONS CORRELATION TEST (Between effectiveness and satisfaction in the training programme) {Combining Table No 2.2.10and Table No.2.2.16} EFFECTIVENESS (X) SATISFACTION (Y) X2 Y2 XY 28 7 784 49 196 60 94 2600 8826 5640 20 16 900 256 480 2 2 4 9 6 X = 120 Y= 120 XY = 5288 X2 = 9150 Y2 =6222 Pearsons correlation coefficient(r) = = 0.886 r = 0.886 r value is positive and nearer to 1 FINDINGS: From the above table it is found that 50% of respondents feel the training was effective. INFERENCE: It is inferred that there exists high degree of relationship between effectiveness and satisfaction in the training programme. FINDINGS From the study it is found that majority of the respondent i.e.) 27% of the respondents have age composition of 26 to 45. From the present study it is found that the majority of respondents working in the organization i.e.) 91% of them are male. From the study it is found that majority of the respondents are having below 5 years experience in the organization. From the present study it is inferred that majority of the respondents are manager and assistant manager in the organization. From the study it is found that the most recent training programme attended by the respondents are information security, corporate etiquette, service training, six sigma and team building. 74% of the respondents have responded that the organization is providing class room training methods during training programme. It is found that 77% of the executives identified that the HR department initiates the training programme in the organization. From the present study it is found that 41% of the respondents referred power point presentations are used as the visual aids in their training programme. It is found that 97% of the respondents say that the external training programmes are provided to them in the organization. SUGGESTIONS Job rotation method of training is very useful to the executive persons for understanding job linkage with varied skills. Programmed instructions seminars will increase the knowledge of the executives Behavioural training programs like role playing are necessary to improve the psychological fitness of the executives so as to face any kind of problem at any stage. Some additional reinforcement programs can be conducted to chisel the skills of the executives to remain competent enough to face the challenges of the changing technological, social environmental factors. Training programs, which are necessary to improve the ethical values moral values of the executives should be conducted. Field study exposure to customers working place will be helpful for executives to improve their performance. Training programme should be conducted in a periodical manner and updations of our technical and on the job training is necessary for better performance and improves our efficiency. CONCLUSION In recent years, the important and role of training and development has increased manifold. More and more use of training and development is being made by all sections of the organization .These training programme has become a part of human resource development. Training is one of the main activities which change the behaviour of the people. Training has become essential part not only to increase the productivity but also to motivate and inspire workers. It increases the skills of the persons at all levels of the organization. Human resources are the life blood of any organization .This can be achieved through well trained personnel The training programme increases the performance of the members in the organization. It also increases the human relation skills. It also helps to stimulate creative thinking. Training plays a vital role in the organization performance. The training programme conducted by Berger Paints India LimitedIndia are satisfactory but still it should keep on conducting the training programme to the executives which will generate interest and create innovative ideas to take part in the training programme and in improving their knowledge skills along with their personality development. The training programme should be frequently conducted so as to improve efficiency of executives in the organization. Training leads to increase in morale among executives, better human relations, reduced supervisions, increased organizational viability and resilience, advancement in technology. Training need analysis arises because of the market slow down and executives attrition rate. 2.6 BIBLIOGRAPHY